What is meningitis?

It is the inflammation of the meninges, the lining which surrounds the brain. There are two distinct types of meningitis; viral (caused by a virus) and bacterial (caused by a bacteria). Bacterial meningitis, whilst it is comparatively rare, is by far the most dangerous and is sometimes fatal.

What causes meningitis?

The bacterial which cause bacterial meningitis live in the back of the nose and throat region.

How are the bacteria and the virus spread?

Both are spread by coughing, sneezing and kissing but they should not be regarded as either water-borne or air-borne. It is a mistake to assume the viruses can be blown in the wind and float in water because they CANNOT live for very long outside the human body.

Can anyone get meningitis?

Yes, although research shows that certain age groups are susceptible than others - Under age five, between 16 and 25 and over 55.

What are the main symptoms?

In adults and older children symptoms could include vomiting, high temperature, severe headaches and neck stiffness.

In babies and infants watch for fever with hands and feet feeling cold, vomiting, refusing feeds, high-pitched crying, a dislike of handling, neck retraction, a staring expression, difficulty in waking and a pale or blotchy complexion.

Is there a rash to watch for?

Yes, and it's VERY important. It looks like small clusters of tiny pin pricks at the beginning, these quickly develop into areas of skin damage. They are purple in colour and will NOT turn white when pressed.

What should I do if I see anyone showing these symptoms?

Act quickly. Describe the symptoms as accurately as possible to the doctor.