WHAT is a stroke? A stroke is damage to brain cells that results from an interruption of their blood supply., When the flow of oxygen-carrying blood to a given part of the brain is obstructed neither those brain cells nor the part of the body they control can function.

Because of the way the nervous system is arranged, each side of the brain controls the opposite side of the body. For example, when a stroke affects the right side of the brain, the resulting symptoms of paralysis or numbness will affect the left side of the body.

A stroke, or a cerebrovascular accident (CVA), is caused either by a blocked artery leading to or within the brain, or by a burst artery in the brain.

Can strokes be prevented? A stroke is most likely to occur in people who already have both hypertension and atherosclerosis (when the linings of the arteries become clogged with deposits of fat), since both conditions weaken the arteries.

It is imperative for people with hypertension to have their blood pressure checked and monitored weekly. Some individuals may be hypertensive without realising that the condition is present. Regular medical checks are so important. Remember, hypertension is a "silent killer''. Anyone who has a history of brief, intermittent stroke episodes called TIAS (transient ischaemic attack) is at a greater risk for a stroke. TIAS are characterised by a feeling of weakness, faintness, dizziness, numbness in arm or leg.

Diabetes, high blood cholesterol and smoking can also contribute to a stroke.

The signs of a stroke include sudden temporary weakness or numbness of the face, arm or leg, temporary loss of speech, temporary loss of vision, severe headache and nausea.

Stroke treatment involves a team approach to rehabilitation. Speech, physical and occupational therapist and doctors are all involved in bringing about the recovery of a stroke patient. Immediate hospitalisation is usually required for stroke individuals.

Take control of your health. Watch your diet. Have your blood pressure monitored regularly.

Dr. Cindy Morris, anaesthetist at KEMH. The new anaesthesia delivery machines are modular, portable units which can follow a patient's recovery throughout the hospital. The equipment is all hi-tech and monitors vital signs, blood pressure and other medical information on neonates and adults.