In the past few years, I have seen a significant increase in the use of anti-anxiety medication in pets, which appears to have mirrored the same increase in people.

This trend has sparked debate among veterinarians, pet owners and animal behaviourists. Some hail it as a life-saver for anxious pets, while others express concerns about over-medication and potential side effects.

It got me thinking about the reasons behind this trend and what it means for pet owners and their furry friends.

Anxiety is a common condition in pets and there was a dramatic rise during the pandemic. Rapid breeding and inadequate socialisation of puppies during lockdowns has manifested in various ways, from separation anxiety and noise phobias to generalised anxiety and fear-based behaviours.

Left untreated, anxiety can lead to decreased quality of life, behavioural problems and even physical health issues. With the growing awareness of anxiety in pets, veterinarians are increasingly diagnosing and treating this condition.

Anti-anxiety medication has become a popular treatment option for pets with anxiety. Medications such as fluoxetine (Prozac), gabapentin and even CBD products have been shown to be effective in reducing anxiety symptoms in pets.

These medications work by altering the levels of certain neurotransmitters in the brain, such as serotonin and dopamine, which play a crucial role in regulating mood and behaviour.

While medication alone may not eliminate anxiety, it can be a valuable tool in conjunction with behavioural modification and training.

The benefits of anti-anxiety medication in pets are clear: reduced stress, improved behaviour and enhanced quality of life.

Many pet owners report significant improvements in their pet's behaviour and overall wellbeing after starting medication. However, there are also potential risks and side effects to consider, such as increased appetite, weight gain, and gastrointestinal issues.

Careful consideration of the animal’s specific life needs is also a vital component. For instance, are they getting the right amount of exercise, is their diet adequate, are they getting enough rest and is pain or discomfort a factor in their behaviour?

While medication can be an effective treatment option, it is essential to adopt a holistic approach to managing anxiety in pets. This includes behavioural modification, training, and environmental changes.

Veterinarians and animal behaviourists can work together to develop comprehensive treatment plans that prioritise the pet's physical and emotional wellbeing.

As our understanding of anxiety in pets continues to evolve, it is likely that we will see new and innovative treatment options emerge. Pet owners have choices ranging from pheromone therapy to calming aids and behavioural interventions to help manage their animal's anxiety.

Owners need to be careful when choosing a pet. They must make sure that they can meet their animal’s lifestyle needs and check that it was well cared for and socialised by the breeder.

By working together, veterinarians, pet owners, and animal behaviourists can ensure that pets receive the best possible care and support for their mental health.

• Lucy Richardson graduated from Edinburgh University in 2005. She started CedarTree Vets in August 2012 with her husband, Mark. They live at the practice with their two children, Ray and Stella, and their dog, two cats and two guinea pigs. She is also the FEI national head veterinarian for Bermuda