Look down and pay homage
All hail the foot.
What is the most dynamic anatomical structure in the body? Is it the brain, the hand, the tongue or the foot? According to chiropodist Germaine Binns the answer is the foot.
"And I say that not just because I am in that business but because it is true," he said. "You can only compare it to the hand but the foot is more impressive because of its functions."
The foot comprises 26 bones and over 50 muscles and bears all the weight of a person. This weight is transferred over the length of the foot so that at any one moment all a person's weight may be bearing down on one bone or only a few.
Dr. Binns pointed out that this weight transference is done seamlessly every time your foot touches the ground.
In addition to your weight, ground reactive force or pressure comes into play placing significantly more weight and pressure on your feet.
The range of movement of the foot adds further to its complexity and to the number of injuries and dysfunctions that can arise. Feet can invert, evert, dorsiflex, plantar flex, pronate and supinate at the same time adjusting to the different surfaces or terrain.
And feet sweat. This is because they have more sweat glands than anywhere else in the body. "There are up to 250,000 sweat glands on a pair of feet and they can perspire up to cup a day," said Dr. Binns. In more severe cases it can be as much as two pints a day.
Feet sweat to protect the skin, to help cool it down so that it doesn't get dried and break.
Skin in turn, serves as a protection barrier to microbes that can cause infection. According to Dr. Binns the summer foot temperature for people wearing shoes is around 90 degrees and 110 for those wearing work-boots. If feet become too sweaty and hot they can blister and infection will be able to invade.
