in the summer of 1976 that primarily affected persons attending an American Legion convention in Philadelphia. Five months after the outbreak, the causative bug was isolated and found to be identical or closely related to the cause of earlier outbreaks of unknown origin. Legionnaire's disease is not communicable from person to person, although it is a disease of the lungs. The causative bacteria, Legionella pneumophila, is commonly found in water. The bacteria has been isolated in hot water systems, air conditioning cooling towers, hot and cold water taps, showers heads as well as from ponds and soil.

Legionnaire's disease occurs when a person inhales tiny water droplets (aerosols) that contain the bacteria legionella pnemophila. The incubation period (the time between being exposed to the bacteria and showing signs of disease), is usually from two to ten days. Not everyone is susceptible to becoming infected. Certain groups of people are at highest risk. For example, the elderly, heavy smokers and persons whose immune systems may be compromised due to certain medical conditions. There is also a high incidence of Legionnaire's disease in persons over forty years of age. Men are more frequently infected than women. The disease can range from asymptomatic to severe. Symptoms may include headache, muscle ache, fever, cough and shortness of breath. It can initially be diagnosed as pneumonia from other causes.

Diagnosis is confirmed by laboratory tests, as there are no specific symptoms for Legionnaire's disease. It is treatable and the drug of choice is erythromycin, usually for three weeks. Legionnella pneumonia can only be fatal if it is not diagnosed early. Legionnaire's disease can be controlled by removing the bacteria from its natural habitat. This is done by chlorination of contaminated water supplies where outbreaks have occurred. Taps and shower heads should be cleaned periodically with chlorine (chlorox solution). Further information can be obtained by calling the Department of Health at 236-0224 ext. 326. Rhonda C.K. Daniels Nurse Epidemiologist Department of Health.

HEALTH AND SOCIAL ISSUES HTH